Electronics Tutorial 1
Power supply (power from cell):
The basic need for an electronic circuit is the power supply needed for its working. So it would be better to start with the most commonly used power source, battery (which consists of more than one electrochemical cell). Basically battery is a device which produces electricity directly as a result of chemical reactions. A battery has two terminals, positive and negative. There exist potential differences between these two terminals, that is when we connect the positive and negative terminal there will be a flow of current.
Batteries can be generally classified into two,
- Primary cell (battery): Which could only be used once, that is not rechargeable.
- Secondary cell (battery): which could be re used, that is rechargeable.
Selection of batteries are important for an electronic circuit. We need to choose batteries which satisfies our requirements. For light weight and compact power supply we can use Li-ion cell (commonly used in cell phones), but are costly compared to others of same capacity.3.7V versions of Li-ion cells are easily available in market. Lead acid batteries are cheaper and are commonly used in emergency lamps and as auto-mobile batteries.6V and12V versions of Lead acid batteries are available in market( lead acid batteries of other voltage versions are also available in some stores). Ni-Cd are cheap and are commonly used in torches, toys etc.1.2V versions of Ni-Cd batteries are available in market.
The capacity of a battery is the amount of energy(electric charge) it can store and are expressed in ampere-hours, abbreviated Ah (charge x time).
On the next tutorial we will deal with voltage regulators for getting a constant power supply which provides a constant voltage of our need.
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